Daugavpils

Daugavpils, Latvia's second city and the stronghold of Latgale, stands bold on the banks of the Daugava River. With its mighty 19th-century fortress—a star-shaped marvel—history buffs can unleash their inner Napoleon. But Daugavpils is more than military might: it is a multicultural tapestry, home to Latvians, Russians, Poles, and more. Art lovers flock to the Mark Rothko Art Centre, celebrating the world-famous abstract painter born here. The city’s trams clatter past Orthodox cathedrals, leafy parks, and bustling markets. Taste regional specialties like potato pancakes and pierogi, or join a lively festival in Vienibas Square. Hidden beneath the city are WWII bunkers and Cold War tales waiting to be unearthed. Daugavpils’ lakes and forest trails offer adventure for the wild at heart, while quirky street art adds modern flair. It’s a city where cultures converge and stories unfold around every corner. Each visit promises a new discovery—sometimes where you least expect it.

Top attractions & things to do in Daugavpils

If you’re searching for the best things to do in Daugavpils, this guide brings together the top attractions and must-see places to visit in Daugavpils. The top picks below highlight the most visited sights for first-time visitors, plus a few local favorites worth adding.

Church Hill (Baznicu Kalns)

Church Hill, known locally as Baznicu Kalns, is an iconic sight in Daugavpils, celebrated for its “four confessions” of churches standing side by side. Within a few hundred meters, you’ll find the Orthodox Cathedral of Saints Boris and Gleb, the Catholic Church of the Immaculate Conception, a Lutheran church, and an Old Believers’ house of prayer—each a masterpiece of different eras and styles. This architectural harmony is a symbol of Daugavpils’ unique multicultural heritage. The blue domes and white facades of the Orthodox cathedral gleam in the sun, while golden crosses and intricate brickwork catch every visitor’s eye. The site is not only picturesque but also alive with local festivals, bell concerts, and special religious processions. Church Hill’s gardens bloom in spring, attracting artists and photographers. Locals say it’s the city’s spiritual heart, where unity and diversity coexist beautifully.

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Daugavpils Fortress

Few places in Latvia can rival the grand scale and historical intrigue of Daugavpils Fortress, a massive 19th-century bastion that once guarded the Russian Empire's western frontier. The fortress boasts immense ramparts, moats, and a meticulously preserved star-shaped layout—a testament to Tsar Alexander I’s military vision. Today, visitors wander through atmospheric courtyards, encountering barracks, museums, and creative studios tucked into ancient casemates. The site is home to the Mark Rothko Art Centre, celebrating the abstract master who was born in Daugavpils, making it a destination for art and history lovers alike. Guided tours unravel tales of Napoleonic sieges and Soviet occupation, while the open-air events bring new life to these timeless walls. From the rooftop, panoramic views stretch across the city and the Daugava River, making sunset visits truly magical. The fortress’s blend of military might and artistic renewal captures Daugavpils’ resilient spirit, attracting thousands each year.

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Daugavpils Lead Shot Factory

Daugavpils Lead Shot Factory is a hidden gem for industrial history enthusiasts, offering a rare glimpse into 19th-century manufacturing technology. Founded in 1886, this factory remains one of Europe’s few operating lead shot towers. Guided tours take visitors up a dizzying spiral staircase, revealing the fascinating process of lead melting and the creation of perfectly round shot—used for hunting and military purposes. The panoramic views from the tower’s top are a photographer’s dream, while the working machinery impresses all with its durability and ingenuity. The site doubles as a museum, filled with vintage equipment and stories of the workers who helped build Daugavpils’ industrial reputation. Exhibitions highlight the impact of Russian Imperial engineering and the region’s trade routes. The Lead Shot Factory’s blend of engineering marvel and gritty heritage ensures it’s never just a “factory tour”—it’s an adventure into Latvia’s inventive past. Don’t forget to ring the bell at the tower’s peak for good luck!

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Mark Rothko Art Centre

Art lovers from around the world make a pilgrimage to the Mark Rothko Art Centre, dedicated to the Latvian-born pioneer of abstract expressionism. Housed in a restored fortress building, the centre displays original works by Mark Rothko and hosts rotating exhibitions by contemporary artists. Interactive installations invite guests to explore Rothko’s color fields and his influence on modern art. The centre’s serene inner courtyard is a meditative space for reflection and creativity. Workshops, lectures, and film screenings enrich the visitor experience, fostering dialogue between cultures and generations. Beyond art, the centre tells the compelling story of Rothko’s emigration to the United States and his enduring connection to Daugavpils. The on-site café serves up creative fare inspired by the artist’s homeland, making every visit multisensory. As you stroll through the airy galleries, you’ll feel the pulse of a city proud of its artistic legacy. Even the gift shop is a treasure trove for art aficionados.

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Shmakovka Museum

At the Shmakovka Museum, visitors discover Latvia’s best-kept culinary secret: shmakovka, the legendary homemade spirit with roots in Latgale. This high-tech, interactive museum reveals the science, craft, and colorful folklore behind the drink’s creation. Step inside to find copper stills, vintage recipes, and animated exhibits showcasing the region’s rich traditions of distilling. The experience is equal parts education and entertainment—think old-world alchemy meets modern storytelling. Tastings allow adventurous adults to sample various shmakovka flavors while learning about local customs and family rituals. The museum’s rooftop terrace offers sweeping views of Daugavpils and the Daugava River, perfect for a post-tasting pause. Guides, often with a wink, share the secrets of 1920s prohibition and the role of shmakovka in Latgalian hospitality. For a quirky, authentic taste of Daugavpils, no spot beats this tribute to spirit and heritage. Every visit ends with a toast to good company and better stories.

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